Comportamiento y longevidad de Aspidosperma polyneuron Müll. Arg. frente al ultrasecado
Date
2016-06-30Author
Otegui, Mónica Beatriz
Ojeda, Diego S.
Totaro, María E.
Eibl, Beatriz Irene
Valdés, María B.
Mallozzi, Gisela Yanina
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Aspidosperma polyneuron es una especie climax del bosque tropical que ha sido intensamente explotada provocando su reducción en las poblaciones de Misiones. Para conservarla en bancos de germoplasma, se estudió el comportamiento y la longevidad de las semillas frente al ultra-secado. Como mostraron comportamiento ortodoxo frente a la deshidratación, se ultra-desecaron hasta 3% de humedad y se almacenaron en envases herméticos a 8 ± 2 °C. En estas condiciones se midieron la viabilidad y el vigor a los 0, 7, 20, 48 y 60 meses mediante las variables: porcentaje de germinación, tiempo medio de germinación e índice de velocidad de germinación. La primera de ellas no mostró diferencias significativas mientras que las otras dos, detectaron cierto deterioro causado por el almacenamiento. Estos resultados indican que es posible prolongar la longevidad de las semillas de A. polyneuron durante largos períodos solucionando el faltante de semillas entre temporadas de producción. Aspidosperma polyneuron is a climax species of the rainforest tropical forest that has been intensively exploited causing its population decline in the province of Misiones. their reduction in populations of Misiones. To preserve conserve it in gene banks, the behavior and longevity of ultra-dried seeds were studied. The seeds were dehydrated to 3% of moisture content and stored in airtight containers at 8 ± 2 °C. Viability and vigor were measured through germination percentage, and vigor, through mean germination time and germination rate index, at 0, 7, 20, 48 and 60 months of age using the variables germination rate, mean germination time and germination speed index.. Seeds of A. polyneuron behaved as orthodox, preserving its viability and vigor for 60 months when they were subjected to ultra-dry method. This method could solve the shortage of seeds during the long periods between production seasons. The first germination showed no significant difference while the other two presented some deterioration caused by storage. Results indicate that it is possible to extend the longevity of A. polyneuron seeds for long periods solving the shortage of seeds between production seasons.
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